When it comes to acne treatment, vitamin C and niacinamide are often pitted against each other. Both have anti-inflammatory properties that may be beneficial in doing away with acne, a common skin condition where the pores of the skin get clogged. But people may have apprehensions about mixing the two as combining vitamin C and niacinamide may lead to the formation of nicotinic acid, a compound that can cause skin irritation and redness. People with sensitive skin may especially experience irritation while using these ingredients together. But there are ways to use vitamin C and niacinamide together without experiencing side effects.

Vitamin C for skin

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a powerful antioxidant essential for various bodily functions. It plays a crucial role in the production of collagen, the protein that helps maintain skin’s structure and elasticity, says dermatologist Dr Vijay Singhal.

It is water-soluble, which means it dissolves in water, and the body cannot store it. So, a continuous supply through diet or supplementation is necessary. It is found naturally in many fruits and vegetables, particularly in citrus fruits, strawberries, bell peppers, and leafy greens. In skincare, vitamin C is often used in serums, moisturisers, and other topical products due to its numerous benefits.

Vitamin C offers a range of benefits for the skin, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products. Here are some of the benefits –

1. May remove dark spots

Vitamin C can be used in depigmentation of hyperpigmented spots on the skin, as per a research published in the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology in 2020. Vitamin C inhibits melanin production, which can help to lighten hyperpigmentation, and remove dark spots, leading to a more even skin tone.

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2. Anti-ageing

Vitamin C has an anti-ageing effect by increasing collagen production, stabilising collagen fibers, and decreasing degradation of collagen, according to a research published in the Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology in 2017. By promoting collagen production, Vitamin C helps to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, improving skin’s overall texture and firmness.

3. Antioxidant protection

As an antioxidant, Vitamin C can protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can harm skin cells, leading to premature ageing and skin cancer, says Dr Singhal.

4. Get rid of acne scars

Vitamin C has anti-inflammatory and collagen-boosting properties, as per National Institutes of Health. So, topical application of products with vitamin C may help get rid of acne and improve the appearance of acne scars.

5. Wound healing

Vitamin C may accelerate the healing of wounds, says Dr Singhal. It may also help prevent scars from injuries by encouraging the growth of new, healthy skin tissue.

Niacinamide for skin

Niacinamide is a water-soluble vitamin that offers multiple benefits for the skin, says cosmetologist and skin expert Dr Jatin Mittal. It is found in foods like meat, fish, milk, eggs, green vegetables, and cereals. In skincare, niacinamide is known for its versatility and is used in a variety of products, including serums, creams, and toners.

There are many benefits of niacinamide for skin. These include:

1. Regulates oil production

During a 2017 study published in Dermatologic Therapy, it was found that using nicotinamide topically, led to a significant reduction in acne. Niacinamide also helps to balance the skin’s oil production, making it particularly beneficial for those with oily or acne-prone skin.

2. Minimises pore appearance

As niacinamide helps regulate oil production, it can also reduce the appearance of enlarged pores, says Dr Mittal. This, in turn, can make the skin look much smoother.

3. Reduces inflammation

It has anti-inflammatory properties that can be of great help in soothing irritated skin. This quality makes it effective in treating conditions like acne, eczema, and rosacea, says Dr Singhal.

4. Strengthens the skin barrier

It enhances the skin’s natural barrier function, which helps to lock in moisture and keep out environmental irritants. This can help in reducing sensitivity and improving hydration.

5. Improve skin texture

A 2005 study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology showed that application of a skin care product with niacinamide helped in improving appearance of texture, hyperpigmentation, and red blotchiness. Improvements in wrinkles, skin elasticity, and sallowness (yellowing of skin) were also noticed during the study.

Can you combine vitamin C and niacinamide?

If you have sensitive skin, you might experience irritation when using these ingredients together, especially if the vitamin C concentration is high, says Dr Singhal. In such cases, it may be best to use them at different times of the day or alternate days. You can also go for a lighter vitamin C skin care product with less than 20 percent ascorbic acid.

The combination of niacinamide and vitamin C in skincare is often seen as a powerhouse duo. Together, they address a wide range of skin concerns and enhance each other’s benefits:

• Both niacinamide and Vitamin C are known for their ability to brighten the skin. When used together, they can significantly improve skin tone, reduce dark spots, and create a radiant complexion.
• While vitamin C stimulates collagen production, niacinamide helps to strengthen the skin barrier and reduce fine lines. The combination leads to a firmer, more youthful appearance.
• Vitamin C provides powerful antioxidant protection, while niacinamide has anti-inflammatory properties. Together, they create a robust defense against environmental stressors like ultraviolet rays and pollution, which can lead to premature ageing.
• Niacinamide helps regulate oil production, which can prevent breakouts, while vitamin C helps with healing and reducing post-acne marks.

Using vitamin C and niacinamide together in your skincare routine can maximise their benefits, says Dr Mittal. Here’s how to use them –

1. Layering

Apply vitamin C first, followed by niacinamide. Vitamin C serums usually have a lower Potential of Hydrogen or pH, so applying it first allows it to penetrate the skin more effectively. Wait a few minutes after applying vitamin C to let it absorb before layering niacinamide.

2. Morning routine

Vitamin C is best used in the morning due to its antioxidant properties, which protect the skin from environmental damage like UV rays and pollution. After cleansing, apply your vitamin C serum, followed by niacinamide, and then finish with a broad-spectrum sunscreen to enhance protection.

3. Evening routine

You can use niacinamide in the evening after cleansing and before moisturising. This helps to strengthen the skin barrier overnight and support skin repair, says Dr Mittal.

If you are new to either ingredient, do a patch test to ensure your skin doesn’t react negatively. Also, vitamin C can be sensitive to light and air, so store it in a cool, dark place to maintain its efficacy. Niacinamide, on the other hand, is more stable but should still be stored properly to ensure its longevity.

Are there any side effects of using niacinamide and vitamin C together?

Generally, niacinamide and vitamin C are safe to use together, and side effects are rare. However, some potential issues might arise –

• Some people might experience irritation, redness, or stinging, particularly if using a high concentration of vitamin C. If this occurs, consider using a lower concentration or reducing the frequency of application.
• In rare cases, using new products can lead to breakouts, especially if you have acne-prone skin. It’s important to introduce these ingredients slowly to monitor how your skin reacts.
• Be cautious when combining niacinamide and vitamin C with other active ingredients like retinoids or acids, as this can increase the risk of irritation.

The combination of niacinamide and vitamin C can offer benefits for the skin when used correctly. So, learn how to incorporate these ingredients into your skincare routine if you want to have a glowing skin.